Tuesday, 28 April 2009
The Justice Petition for David Hartanto
Published by syahrir imaluddin on Mar 23, 2009
Category: Justice
Region: Indonesia
Target: The Prime Minister of Singapore
Background (Preamble):
The Death of David Hartanto, an Indonesian student who studies in NTU Singapore on March 02, 2009 was left as very questionable. Based on some research conducted by volunteers they found many facts in the location that David was murdered. We trust Singapore government as a very strict in uplifting justice. So in the name of law and justice please allow us to appeal that the Prime Minister announce as soon as possible the thorough investigation of this incident.
Petition:
We are very sad to learn the death of David Hartanto Widjaya, Indonesian student at NTU Singapore who died on March 02, 2009. According to some research in the location of the incident, showed many facts that David was murdered. Please Investigate the Death of Indonesian Student David Hartanto.
Sign the petition
The Appeal Singapore PM to Investigate the Death of Indonesian Student David Hartanto petition to The Prime Minister of Singapore was supported by Ary Swy and is hosted free of charge at GoPetition.
Post Link :
"http://www.gopetition.com/petitions/david-hartanto.html">Online petition - Appeal Singapore PM to Investigate the Death of Indonesian Student David Hartanto.
Friday, 24 April 2009
FORMAT ZONA PERDAGANGAN & PELABUHAN BEBAS BATAM
Pasal 2 -- Izin Importasi, Jumlah Jenis Barang & Kewenangan BPK FTZ, sbb :
- PEMASUKAN BARANG IMPOR EX LDP --> FTZ BBK WAJIB IZIN USAHA BPK FTZ
- HANYA BARANG YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEGIATAN USAHA
- JUMLAH & JENIS BARANG DITETAPKAN BPK FTZ
- BARANG KONSUMSI EX LDP HARUS IZIN, JUMLAH & JENIS DITETAPKAN BPK FTZ
- JUMLAH JENIS BARANG KONSUMSI TIDAK BISA DIRUBAH JIKA PPFTZ 01 & MANIFEST (BC11) SDH DIAJUKAN
- SSPCP (Surat Setoran Pabean, Cukai & Pajak) --> Pembayaran BM, PPh ps.22, Bea Keluar, Cukai & Sanksi Administrasi / Denda brg impor,
- SSP (Surat Setoran Pajak) --> Pembayaran PPN
- BAYAR BEA MASUK, PPN, PPH pasal 22 & / CUKAI, Syarat : - BARANG DILUAR JENIS / JUMLAH YANG DIIZINKAN BPK FTZ- PPFTZ-01 SUDAH DIAJUKAN & HASIL PEMERIKSAAN FISIK SESUAI- BUKAN BARANG LARTAS
- REEKSPOR, jika termasuk barang LARTAS
- HIBAH KE NEGARA, termasuk LARTAS tapi bisa dimanfaatkan Negara
- DIMUSNAHKAN, barang cepat rusak/busuk termasuk alkohol, konsentrat etil alcohol, hasil tembakau dll.
- Bukan pengusaha/importir yang ditetapkan BPK FTZ (tidak punya izin usaha ke BPK)
- Barang yang diperiksa tidak ada di RIB/RKBI/Masterlist yang ditetapkan BPK FTZ
- Pemeriksaan acak / Random
- Nota Hasil Intelejen (NHI)
- Pemeriksaan acak
- NHI
- Pengenaan Bea Keluar (ekspor barang tertentu)
- Barang Impor Sementara yang berasal dari TLDDP/DPIL
- Informasi dari Dirjen Pajak
- NHI
- NHI
- PPFTZ-01 oleh pengusaha yang pernah impor barang dari LDP sesuai data Kantor Pabean
- Barang asal LDP / ex-Impor
- Tidak ada dokumen asal pemasukan ke FTZ BBK
- Pemeriksaan acak
- NHI
DOCUMENT FOR CUSTOMS CLEARANCE
- Export - Import (PPFTZ-01)
- CusDec / Custom Declarations (Document for Passenger / Transporter Crue)
- PPKP (Pencacahan Pembeaan Kiriman Pos / Courier Cargo)
- BPBLB (Buku Pas Barang Lintas Batas / Territorial Line)
- Personal Effect
- Courrier Services
- Certain Goods (Customs decided)
1. Ex Import / LDP --> Duty &Taxes Paid
- SSPCP (Surat Setoran Pabean, Cukai & Pajak) Duty/BM, income tax/PPh-22, excise,etc.
- SSP (Surat Setoran Pajak) Value Added Tax/PPn & Luxury Tax/PPnBM.
- Pay VAT/PPn 10% or
- Free PPn with endorsement
From TLDDP to BATAM
Document clearance = PPFTZ-03 , endorsement faktur Pajak * (The original will be shown for clearance) :
Friday, 27 March 2009
Lebih Mengenal Batam
Batam memang salah satu pulau yang sangat special di wilayah Kepulauan Riau - Indonesia. Keistimewaan Batam yang letaknya sangat dekat dengan Singapore begitu mempengaruhi perkembangan ekonomi & pembangunan Batam secara keseluruhan, terlebih sejak mulai diberlakukannya kawasan berikat dari bonded area, bonded zone, special economic zone hingga free trade zone mulai April 2009.

Perubahan status yang telah ditunggu-tunggu oleh semua kalangan di wilayah Batam Bintan Karimun ini tertuang dalam Peraturan Pemerintahan Nomor 2 Tahun 2009 yang dijabarkan dengan terbitnya petunjuk pelaksanaan dan petunjuk teknisnya yaitu peraturan Menteri Keuangan nomor 45, 46 dan 47. Mulai per 1 April 2009 aturan tersebut mulai efektif diberlakukan walaupun pelaksanaannya mengikuti kesiapan para pelaku usaha di lapangan serta regulator dalam hal ini BPK dan Bea Cukai, karena hingga minggu terakhir bulan Maret ini masih banyak pengusaha eksportir maupun importir di wilayah Batam khususnya yang belum teregistrasi dalam perizinan ke BPK FTZ. Selain itu minimnya sosialisasi dari BPK akibat dari molornya aturan dari pusat dari terbitnya peraturan hingga tenggang waktu pemberlakuan sangat singkat terkesan kurang persiapan dan dipaksakan dalam pelaksanaan di lapangan sedangkan perubahan dokumen pabean yang nantinya menggunakan dokumen khusus yaitu PPFTZ (01-03) belum juga ada pengenalan softwarenya. Jadi ya kemungkinan besar molor sambil bertahap bisa diterapkan secara profesional, mudah2an semua berjalan lancar dan bisa tercipta tujuan konsep Free Trade Zone.
Beragam Sudut Visual Kota Batam

Masjid Raya Batam Center
Masjid ini terletak di pusat kota Batam Center yang berdekatan dengan komplek perkantoran seperti Gedung DPRD, Kantor Pemko Batam, BPK FTZ Batam (OB), Gedung Graha Pena dll.

Batam City Condominium
Kondominium yang masih dalam pembangunan ini diperkirakan akan menjadi bangunan tertinggi di Batam untuk beberapa tahun ke depan, diperkirakan ketinggian mencapai sekitar 107 meter.

Gedung jorok di Batam Center
Tapi di Batam sangat banyak proyek gedung2 bertingkat, bekas mal maupun pembangunan ruko yang terbengkalai tidak terurus sehingga terkesan kotor, jorok, tidak rapi dan tidak mengindahkan keindahan lingkungan sekitarnya terutama masalah penghijauan.

Sebuah kawasan bisnis yang padat di kota yang menjadi salah satu tujuan belanja di Batam.


Barelang Bridge
Ikon yang sangat melekat dengan Batam, Jembatan Barelang 1, 2, 3 yang menghubungkan 3 pulau Batam - Rempang - Galang.
Wednesday, 25 March 2009
GLOBAL WARMING
What is the Global Warming?

Climate model projections summarized in the latest IPCC report indicate that global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century. The uncertainty in this estimate arises from the use of models with differing climate sensitivity, and the use of differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions. Some other uncertainties include how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Although most studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming is expected to continue beyond 2100 (even if emissions stop) because of the large heat capacity of the oceans and the lifespan of CO2 in the atmosphere.

Increasing global temperature will cause sea levels to rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, likely including an expanse of the subtropical desert regions. Other likely effects include Arctic shrinkage and resulting Arctic methane release, shrinkage of Amazon rainforest and Boreal forests, increases in the intensity of extreme weather events, changes in agricultural yields, modifications of trade routes, glacier retreat, species extinctions and changes in the ranges of disease vectors.

Political and public debate continues regarding the appropriate response to global warming. The available options are mitigation to reduce further emissions; adaptation to reduce the damage caused by warming; and, more speculatively, geoengineering to reverse global warming. Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A successor to the first commitment period of the Kyoto protocol is expected to be agreed at the COP15 talks in December 2009. (Sourced by Wikipedia)
For our Earth...
EARTH HOUR 2009

Khusus untuk mendukung program "Earth Hour 2009", telah siap sebuah iklan layanan masyarakat yang akan mulai tayang tanggal 22 sampai 28 Maret di 8 TV swasta, dan TV kabel nasional. Iklan layanan masyarakat ini diramaikan oleh beberapa ikon dan selebriti peduli lingkungan seperti tampak pada poster di atas.
"Iklan ini khusus kami produksi untuk mengajak lebih banyak masyarakat berpartisipasi mematikan lampu dan alat elektronik yang tidak sedang dipergunakan di hari Sabtu, 28 Maret 2009 nanti," ujar Press Conference Earth Hour 2009 di Balai Kota (19/3/09). "Dengan dihadirkannya berbagai tokoh masyarakat yang menekuni berbagai profesi, kami yakin iklan ini mampu menyentuh hati masyarakat untuk mengubah kebiasaan agar lebih hemat energi untuk menjaga lingkungan dari dampak perubahan iklim."Iklan layanan masyarakat dapat langsung dilihat di http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y8wqyVosyGU
Tips of Shiftwork and Extended Hours
Studies show that shiftwork and shifts with extended hours can have significant adverse effects on health, workplace accident rates, absenteeism and a worker’s personal life. The shift system is often used in organisations that need to operate 24 hours a day, such as hospitals, police stations, shipping forwarding, manufacturing industry, etc. Shift work is also done when machinery needs to operate continuously and in the retail sector where extended shopping hours are fast becoming commonplace.
1. increased heart disease,
2. gastric ulcers and gastro intestinal problems,
3. social problems and minor psychiatric disorders,
4. sleep disorders and increased fatigue,
5. increased error rates and accident rates.
1. a heavy domestic work load
2. psychiatric illness
3. a history of alcohol or drug abuse
4. epilepsy
5. diabetes
6. heart disease
1. Improve workplace lighting and canteen and recreation facilities.
2. Ensure workers undertake no more than two consecutive night shifts.
3. Ensure workers undertake no more than two or three consecutive 12 hour shifts.
4. Ensure an even distribution of days off with shift blocks.
5. Avoid compacting shifts to produce longer breaks.
6. Allow workers time for breaks, time to move around and time to interact with other workers.
7. Ensure job rotation by moving employees to different tasks or responsibilities.
8. Educate workers on lifestyle advice such as eating and sleeping patterns.
- Setting up the conditions for sleep is very important
- Family, neighbours and friends need to know and understand the shift schedule. Let relatives and neighbours know about the work schedule.
- The bedroom must be dark and cool.
- Noise levels can be reduced by heavy curtains and sound insulation on the doors and windows. An air conditioner can mask minor noises from outside. An answering machine for the phone and lowering the ring tone may also be helpful.
- There should be a routine for waking up as well, just as there is for the average day-worker.
Night-shift workers should exercise
Exercising is not an easy task because shift workers usually start the day exhausted and pressed for time. However, exercise can simply mean being active in general; for example, a walk around the neighbourhood for half an hour or a game of backyard soccer with the children. Exercise should be a part of every day, but vigorous exercise should be avoided within the last two hours before bed time.
Shift workers’ diet is very important
Shift workers should have three meals a day, at roughly the same time every day. The timing of meals can keep energy levels up, improve sleep and help the body adjust to the shiftwork schedule. Restrict the intake of caffeine, not only in coffee and tea, but in soft drinks too. Healthy snacks like fruit and fruit juice, raw vegetables and cheese are very good at home or at work.
Family understanding and co-operation is crucial Stress seems a common problem in shiftworkers’ lifestyle and a good home environment can help reduce stress.
Useful hints to apply during shiftwork
- When the work is sedentary, contact others on the same shift regularly; it may help to keep alert.
- Stand up and walk occasionally.
- Go to the toilet and wash your hands and wet your face.
- Be aware of fatigue after the shift is over, especially while driving home.
- Keep your mind active by listening to the radio.
- Avoid overall heating - in winter, it is better to direct warmth to the feet and open the window a little to let the fresh air in on your face.
Useful references
- Shiftwork and Health. A literature review and practical approach to shiftwork roster redesign. Mathen D. (University of Sydney, 1993)
- Living With Shiftwork Ontario Natural Resources Safety Association (ONRSA, Canada, 1996) Guidelines for Shiftworkers Wedderburn, A. (European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, Dublin, 1991)
Friday, 20 March 2009
Life is shortly
You can't reach everything in the world...
You can't feel deeply life..
If your life is shortly!
Please find integrity yourself.........!
PERPU FTZ BBK 2009
JUKLAK YANG PALING DITUNGGU TENTANG FTZ BATAM, BINTAN & KARIMUN
Ketiga PMK itu adalah PMK Nomor 45/PMK.03/2009, PMK Nomor 46/PMK.04/2009, dan PMK Nomor 47 /PMK.04/2009. Di dalam 3 PMK yang merupakan penjabaran aturan dari PP Nomor 2 tahun 2009 (pengganti PP no. 63 tahun 2003) yang telah ditetapkan Presiden SBY tanggal 16 Januari 2009 (baca detailnya di "Perpu FTZ BBK 2009"), kewenangan Badan Pengusahaan Kawasan (BPK) juga akan semakin besar terutama dalam menentukan barang konsumsi yang masuk ke wilayah FTZ BBK.
Ilustrasi Peta Wilayah Pulau Batam
Di pasal 2 disebutkan, barang mewah yang keluar dari wilayah FTZ maka dianggap terutang PPN dan Pajak Penjualan atas Barang Mewah (PPnBM). Saat terutang pajak adalah saat barang kena pajak dikeluarkan dari kawasan bebas. Sedangkan dasar pengenaan pajak atas PPN dan PPnBM yang terutang adalah harga jual serta harga pasar wajar dalam hal penyerahan antar cabang.
Pada pasal 6 ditegaskan, pemasukan barang kena pajak dari tempat lain dalam daerah pabean ataupun dari tempat penimbunan berikat ke kawasan bebas melalui pelabuhan atau bandara yang ditunjuk, tidak dipungut PPN ataupun PPNBM. Untuk Batam bandara Hang Nadim, pelabuhan Batu Ampar, Sekupang & Kabil yang nantinya resmi menjadi pintu keluar masuk barang setelah ada ketetapan BPK FTZ.
PPN/PPNBM tidak dikenakan bila barang kena pajak berwujud tersebut benar-benar telah masuk kawasan bebas yang dibuktikan dengan dokumen yang telah diberikan endorsement (pernyataan mengetahui dari pejabat Ditjen Pajak atas pemasukan barang kena pajak dari daerah pabean ke kawasan bebas disebut di pasal 8.
Pasal 9 tentang faktur pajak atas penyerahan barang kena pajak yang dilakukan di kawasan bebas tidak dapat lagi diterbitkan. Selanjutnya, Dirjen Pajak akan melakukan pencabutan atas pengukuhan Pengusaha Kena Pajak di Kawasan Bebas yang telah dikukuhkan sebagai Pengusaha Kena Pajak sebelum berlakunya PMK 45. Pencabutan itu akan diatur melalui Peraturan Dirjen Pajak. Pengusaha di kawasan bebas tidak diperlakukan lagi sebagai status Pengusaha Kena Pajak (PKP) sesuai pasal 4 dalam PP No. 2 tahun 2009.
PMK ini sekaligus mencabut berlakunya empat aturan baik dalam bentuk Keputusan Menteri Keuangan (KMK) ataupun Peraturan Menteri Keuangan (PMK) yang sebelumnya sudah dikeluarkan Menkeu. Yakni KMK Nomor 583/KMK.03/2003 tentang pelaksanaan Perlakukan PPN dan PPNBM di kawasasan berikat Batam, KMK nomor 393/KMK.03/2004 tentang perlakuan PPN dan PPNBM di kawasan berikat (bonded zone) Daerah Industri Pulau Batam. Tiga, PMK Nomor 16/KMK.03/2005 tentang perlakuan PPN dan PPNBM di kawasan berikat (bonded zone) Daerah Industri Pulau Batam, serta PMK Nomor 61 /PMK.03/2005 tentang tentang perlakuan perpajakan dan kepabeanan dalam rangka proyek pengembangan Pulau Bintan dan Pulau Karimun sebagaimana telah diubah melalui PMK Nomor 02/PMK.011/2008.
PMK Nomor 46/PMK.04/2009
Di pasal 2 ayat (1) disebutkan, pemasukan barang dari luar daerah pabean ke kawasan bebas hanya dapat dilakukan oleh pengusaha yang mendapat izin dari BPK FTZ. Sebagaimana diatur pasal 2, pengusaha hanya dapat memasukkan barang ke kawasan FTZ yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan usahanya. Adapun tentang jenis dan jumlah barang yang berhubungan dengan kegiatan usaha pengusahan itu akan ditetapkan oleh BPK FTZ.
Untuk pemasukan barang konsumsi bagi kebutuhan penduduk dari luar daerah pabean ke kawasan FTZ, hanya dapat dilakukan oleh pengusaha yang telah mendapat ijin dari BPK FTZ yang juga menetapkan jumlah dan jenisnya.
Namun, barang konsumsi diluar yang sudah ditetapkan oleh BPK FTZ akan dianggap sebagai barang kena pajak. Pada pasal 52 disebutkan, pemasukan barang dari luar daerah pabean ke kawasan bebas yang tidak memenuhi ketentuan pasal 2 akan dikenai pungutan bea masuk serta PPN/PPnBM. Barang konsumsi yang masuk tanpa dikenai PPN itu juga bisa dikeluarkan kembali, dihibahkan untuk negara, bahkan dimusnahkan.
Thursday, 19 March 2009
Rumus Matematika
Guyon Rumus Matematika
Ada seorang murid bernama Tarom, dia pintar semua mata pelajaran kecuali pelajaran Fisika, sehingga ketika ada pelajaran Fisika dia selalu ditanya oleh gurunya. Saat itu pelajaran membahas mengenai Suhu.
Guru : "Rom, apa arti F, C, R dan K?"
Tarom : "(Setelah berpikir cukup lama) Tidak tahu pak..."
Guru : "Dasar bodoh! itu adalah Farenheit, Celcius, Reamur dan Kelvin."
Tarom : "Kok bisa?"
Guru : "Lihat saja buku paketmu!"
Murid-murid : "Hhuuuuuuu......!"
Mulai hari itu Tarom berencana untuk balas dendam. Suatu hari waktu membaca buku porno milik pak guru yang dia sembunyikan, Tarom mendapat ide. Ketulan besok ada pelajaran Matematika.
Tarom : "Bapak kan sering memberi pertanyaan pada saya, sekarang gantian saya yang memberi pertanyaan pada bapak, bagaimana?"
Guru : "Siapa takut!"
Tarom : "Tolong jabarkan (A-AH)(DI/CosA)(1X)(-TA)(2X)"
Guru : "Memangnya rumus apaan tuh!!!..."
Tarom : "Bapak nggak tahu kan?"
Guru : (Menggelengkan kepala)
Tarom : "Itu sih kecil.. Rumus itu penjabarannya AMINAH DIPERKOSA 1X MINTA 2X"
Guru : "Kok bisa???"
Tarom : "Lihat aja dibuku porno bapak...!!!"
Murid-murid : "GEEEERRRRR!!!..."
(kpl/dar-kapanlagi.com)
Wednesday, 18 March 2009
Tips & Trick Bermain Gitar
Bagi Pemula

5 Jurus Bermain Gitar di depan umum (untuk Pemula)
Jurus 1: Jangan Lupa Kunci / Penguasaan Lagu
Kunci adalah nyawa dari permainan gitar. Tanpa kunci, meski kita tahu semua jurus ritem, dijamin kita tidak akan pernah tahu bunyinya seperti apa. Pelajarilah semua kunci dasar seperti C, D, E, F, (G, A, B) beserta semua bentuk minor dan #nya (kecuali untuk kunci B memakai bentuk Bb). Biasanya buku tentang kunci-kunci ini dijual bebas di pasaran. Satu tips yang patut diingat, kuasai lagu dgn kunci sesuai aslinya sebanyak2nya sehingga bisa selaras, kunci / chord gitar sebenarnya bentuknya begitu-begitu saja. Jangan dibuat pusing dengan nama-nama yang berbeda. Contoh: bila kunci C digeser sejauh 2 fret akan menghasilkan kunci D, padahal bentuknya sama, hanya letaknya yang berbeda.
PETIKAN: Ketika memetik gitar, tidak perlu membayangkan harus seperti lagu "KKEB"-nya Andre Hehanusa atau "Tears In Heaven"-nya Eric Clapton. Sebaliknya, petiklah dengan sederhana seperti 3 contoh berikut ini:
Perhatikan posisi jari: jari jempol untuk 3 senar bas, sedangkan 3 senar lainnya dipetik oleh 3 jari pada gamhar.Penyederhanaan: jari jempol=1, jari telunjuk=2, jari tenguh=3 dan jari minis=4.1. 1-2-3.4.3-2 dengan l berpindah-pindah bas2. 1-2-3-4-2 dengan 34 dipetik bersamaan3. 1.234 dengan 234 dipetik hersamaan sebanyak 3x.
Setelah Anda nmencoba ketiganya, GABUNGKAN SEMUA TEKNIK! Memainkan lagu KKEB bukan impian lagi.
RITEM: Ini hal yang sebetulnya sederhana. Kalau pengamen jalanan saja tekniknya bagus, mengapa kita tidak? Alasan utama ketidak-mampuan ini adalah kurangnya latihan. Jika Anda sungguh serius, sisihkan waktu untuk melatihnya minimal 1 jam sehari. Latihan: Untuk ritem sederhananya dibagi menjadi ritem ke bawah dan ke atas. Untuk ke bawah= l dan ke atas=2.1. 1-1-2-2-12. 1-2-2-1-2-2-1
Percaya diri tapi jangan over acting! That's the best thing. Bisa memanfaatkan suasana penonton dan lagu yang dibawakan dengan petikan / rhytm yang selaras lembut dan jernih sesuai dengan karakter lagu adalah awal dari kesiapan untuk bisa percaya diri disamping pembawaan diri yang pas.
Wednesday, 11 March 2009
BONSAI TIPS

Steps
1. Make sure that before the substances are mixed in pot, the bottom should be covered by filter to shut the hole.
2. Do repotting with 1 part soil + 2 parts fertilizer + 1 part Malang sand or any sand taken from volcanoes. On the filter, put rough sand 2-3 mm deep, then softer sand 1 mm deep, and goat manure mixed with unhulled paddy (paddy plants or rice that are hulled and then separated from the stalks) with ratio 1:1.
3. Cut all the branches and leaves including the green and variegata from the stalk.
4. Pull the tree from its poly-bag, clean the soil, and cut the oversized roots.
5. Put the tree in the pot, do watering, and keep in shaded place. Put in a place with 2 hours morning sunshine when the tree grows new buds. After having many variegata leaves, full dry in the sun. When the tree grow green leaves, cut immediatelly.
Tips
The result after 6 months, the tree will become so fertile and good. You may start to shape it with Slanting Style. After 2 years with good nursery, it may become 80% qualified bonsai.
Tuesday, 10 March 2009
Integrity
Integrity may be seen as the quality of having a sense of honesty and truthfulness in regard to the motivations for one's actions. The term "hypocrisy" is used in contrast to integrity for asserting that one part of a value system demonstrably conflicts with another, and to demand that the parties holding apparently conflicting values account for the discrepancy or change their beliefs to improve internal consistency.
Contents :
1.1 Integrity in relation to value systems
1.2 Testing theories via the Scientific Method
2 Integrity in ethics
2.1 Popular views of integrity
2.2 Integrity in modern ethics
2.3 Law
2.4 Ethical integrity as measured by psychological/work-selection tests
Testing of integrity
One can test a value system's accountability either:
subjectively, by a person's individual measures or
objectively, via the Scientific Method or standardized mathematical measure
Integrity in relation to value systems
A value consists of an assumption from which one can extrapolate implementation or other values. A value system comprises a set of consistent values and measures. The Scientific Method assumes that a system with perfect integrity yields a singular hypothetical extrapolation that one can test against observed results.
Testing theories via the Scientific Method
Formal measures of integrity rely on a set of testing principles known as the Scientific Method. To the extent that a proof follows the requirements of the method, scholars consider that proof scientific. The Scientific Method include measures to ensure unbiased testing and a requirement that the hypothesis have falsifiability.
One tests the integrity of a value system scientifically by using the values, methods and measures of the system to formulate a hypothesis of an expected cause-and-effect relationship. When the cause creates the expected effect consistently amongst multiple unbiased testers, the value system is said to have integrity.
For example, Newtonian physics, general relativity and quantum mechanics are three distinct systems, each scientifically proven to have integrity according to their base assumptions and measures. None of them claim to be absolute truth. Scientific testing is not useful for identifying "absolute truth" because scientific tests assume principles, values, methods and measures outside of the scope of the test. Rather, the Scientific Method is used to proof the integrity of a value system and to establish its conclusions as consistent with the assumptions used, thereby enabling further extrapolation within that domain.
In discussions on behavior and morality, one view of the property of integrity sees it as the virtue of basing actions on an internally-consistent framework of principles. This scenario may emphasize depth of principles and adherence of each level to the next.[citation needed] One can describe a person as having integrity to the extent that everything that that person does or believes: actions, methods, measures and principles — all derive from the same core group of values.
In the context of accountability, integrity measures consistency between one's actions and one's principles and methods used when an expected result appears incongruent with observed outcome. Some[who?] regard integrity as a virtue in that they see accountability and moral responsibility as necessary tools for maintaining such consistency.
In the context of value theory, integrity provides the expected causation from a base value[citation needed] to its extrapolated implementation or other values. A value system emerges as a set of values and measures that one can observe as consistent with expectations.
Some commentators stress the idea of integrity as personal honesty: acting according to one's beliefs and values at all times. Speaking about integrity can emphasize the "wholeness" or "intactness" of a moral stance or attitude. Some views of wholeness may also emphasize commitment and authenticity.
The etymology of the word "integrity" stems from the Latin adjective integer (whole, complete). In this context, integrity may comprise the personal inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from (say) honesty and consistency of character. As such, one can judge that other "have integrity" to the extent that one judges whether they behave according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold.
Popular views of integrity
Many people appear to use the word "integrity" in a vague manner as an alternative to the perceived political incorrectness of using blatantly moralistic terms such as "good" or ethical. In this sense the term often refers to a refusal to engage in lying, blaming or other behavior generally seeming to evade accountability.
Popular discussions of integrity often see the concept as an all-or-nothing affair: one describes an approved person as "having integrity" (as an absolute), but condemns an enemy or a collective enemy organization as "completely lacking in integrity".
English-speakers may measure integrity in non-enumerated units called "scraps", speaking of preserving one's "last scraps of integrity" or having "not a scrap of integrity". This may imply that integrity in such situations can appear brittle or fragile — and apt to tarnish or decay.
Integrity in modern ethics
In a formal study of the term "integrity" and its meaning in modern ethics, law professor Stephen L. Carter sees integrity not only as a refusal to engage in behavior that evades responsibility[citation needed], but as an understanding of different modes or styles in which some discourse takes place, and which aims at the discovery of some truth[citation needed].
Carter writes:
Integrity [...] requires three steps: (1) discerning what is right and what is wrong; (2) acting on what you have discerned, even at personal cost; and (3) saying openly that you are acting on your understanding of right from wrong.[...] Integrity [...] is not the same as honesty [...][1]
Law
An adversarial process can have general integrity when both sides demonstrate willingness to share evidence, follow guidelines of debate and accept rulings from an arbitrator in a good-faith effort to arrive at either the truth or a mutually equitable outcome. An honorable presentation of the case measures both sides of the argument with a consistent set of principles. Failure to present principles in accordance with observation or to try them unequally can weaken a case.
Ethical integrity as measured by psychological/work-selection tests
Integrity (honesty) tests aim to identify which persons or wiki editors may hide perceived negative or derogatory events from their past or the past of a favored political figure(such as doing prison time, getting psychiatric treatment, alcohol problems, etc.) and to identify to a prospective employer likely causes of strife. These tests make certain assumptions, namely[2] that such persons report more dishonest behavior, they try to find reasons in order to justify such behavior, they think others more likely to commit crimes (like theft, for example), they exhibit impulsive behavior and tend to think that society should severely punish deviant behavior.
The pretension of such tests to detect fake answers plays a crucial role in this respect, because the naive really believe such outright lies and behave accordingly, reporting their past deviance because they fear that otherwise their answers will reveal it. The more Pollyannaish the answers, the higher the integrity score.[3]
“Integrity can be compared to a great smoothie. It consists of many healthy and tasteful virtues such as discernment, loyalty, courage, honesty, and humility all mixed together to form one outstanding quality. Not only is it rewarding in the end, but the act of striving for it is well worth the effort.” (P. Wagenbach)